Procedures such as breast reduction surgery are not usually available on the NHS, unless there is a clear medical need for them. For example, if you've had gynaecomastia for a long time, it hasn't responded to other treatments and it's causing you a lot of distress or pain a GP may refer you to a plastic surgeon to discuss the possibility of surgery.
Always see a GP if the area is very painful or there's an obvious lump. Sometimes, the lump may need to be removed. Gynaecomastia isn't related to breast cancer , but you should see a GP if you're worried about breast swelling. Read the answers to more questions about men's health. Page last reviewed: 22 March Next review due: 22 March Home Common health questions Men's health Back to Men's health. What is gynaecomastia?
Signs of gynaecomastia Signs vary from a small amount of extra tissue around the nipples to more prominent breasts. Some diseases and medical conditions may also cause gynecomastia. These include: Liver diseases Kidney disease Lung cancer Testicular cancer Tumors of the adrenal glands or pituitary gland Some conditions that a baby is born with congenital disorders Thyroid disorders Injury or trauma Obesity Newborn babies may have a short-term form of gynecomastia.
What are the symptoms of gynecomastia? How is gynecomastia diagnosed? Your provider will take your past health and medicine history and give you a physical exam. To rule out other diseases or conditions, you may also have tests including: Blood tests, including liver function tests and hormone studies Urine tests A low-dose X-ray of your breast mammogram A small breast tissue sample a biopsy may be removed and checked for cancer cells In some cases, tests are not needed to diagnose the condition Your provider may suggest that you see a provider who specializes in hormones and how they affect many organs an endocrinologist.
How is gynecomastia treated? Your healthcare provider will figure out the best treatment for you based on: How old you are Your overall health and past health How sick you are How well you handle certain medicines, treatments, or therapies How long the condition is expected to last Your opinion or preference Most cases of gynecomastia happen during puberty.
Hormone therapy may be used to treat gynecomastia. In rare cases, surgery may be used to remove the extra tissue. Key points about gynecomastia Gynecomastia is an overdevelopment or enlargement of the breast tissue in men or boys. They often grow unevenly. It is often caused by changes in levels of the female hormone estrogen and the male hormone testosterone.
Other things may cause it as well. Most cases happen when a preteen or teenage boy is going through puberty. McGraw-Hill Education; Merck Manual Professional Version. Mayo Clinic; Rasko YM, et al. Surgical management of gynecomastia: A review of the current insurance coverage criteria. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Barrett KE, et al. Function of the male reproductive system. In: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology.
Tamoxifen citrate. IBM Micromedex. Clinical features, diagnosis, and evaluation of gynecomastia in adults. Accessed Sept. Related Gynecomastia enlarged male breast tissue. Community Home ask a surgeon patient community. Ask a Surgeon. Patient Community. Post your question to Ask a Surgeon to get an authoritative and trustworthy answer from our ASPS member surgeons or share your journey with other people just like you on the Patient Community. The views expressed in Ask a Surgeon and the Patient Community are those of the participants and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons.
Share your journey with other people just like you on the Patient Community or post your question to Ask a Surgeon to get an authoritative and trustworthy answer from our ASPS member surgeons. Share your journey with other people just like you on the Patient Community.
My Account. News Blog How does gynecomastia affect boys and men at different ages? Gynecomastia in adult men Gynecomastia is even more prevalent among adult men.
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