Epics have seven main characteristics: The hero is outstanding. The setting is large. The action is made of deeds of great valour or requiring superhuman courage. Supernatural forces—gods, angels, demons—insert themselves in the action. It is written in a very special style verse as opposed to prose. Who are Homer's parents? Krithiida Mother Meonas Father. When was the Trojan War? The ancient Greeks believed that Troy was located near the Dardanelles and that the Trojan War was a historical event of the 13th or 12th century BC, but by the midth century AD, both the war and the city were widely seen as non-historical.
Where does the word theater come from? The word comes originally from the Greek Theatron, meaning roughly, 'a place to behold'. In American English, the word 'theater' can mean either a place where films are shown this is also called a cinema or a place where live stage plays are performed.
Though there is still disagreement, most people suspect his epics were written down around B. In earlier centuries, many scholars argued that Homer was not one person, but a traditional name attached to works that were really collectively composed. This theory arose because of the huge success of a similar theory in biblical criticism, and because scholars were able to hear distinctive voices within the Homeric texts.
More recently scholars have once again begun to entertain the idea that the Homeric texts were composed by a single person, based mainly on the intricacy and consistency of the plot and character construction. Was this person Homer? One famous saying claims, "either Homer or someone of the same name. Rhapsodes performed in competition at festivals and were probably also hired out to perform for the wealthy. Seven different places claimed in antiquity to be the birthplace of Homer.
Modern scholars do not agree as to which epics were included in the Epic Cycle, which is probably an echo of ancient disagreement. Some include the Iliad and Odyssey , others don't; some leave out the first quartet and restrict the Epic Cycle to the Trojan poems; others include Hesiod 's poetry and the Alcmaeonis , which is nothing but a name.
The poems may originally have been meant as independent works of art, but were, in their final form, meant to supplement each other. For instance, the Cypria ends at precisely the point where the Iliad begins.
The absence of overlaps and the presence of "bridges" from one epic to another, betray the hand of one or more editors. We see the same process in the tragedies: to Euripides ' Phoenician Women , several lines have been added to make it easier for the reader to continue with Sophocles ' Oedipus at Colonus.
Homer enriched his descriptive story with the liberal use of simile and metaphor, which has inspired a long path of writers behind him. His structuring device was to start in the middle— in medias res — and then fill in the missing information via remembrances. Tolkien 's The Fall of Gondolin. Other works have been attributed to Homer over the centuries, most notably the Homeric Hymns , but in the end, only the two epic works remain enduringly his.
He was right. The Iliad and The Odyssey have provided not only seeds but fertilizer for almost all the other arts and sciences in Western culture. For the Greeks, Homer was a godfather of their national culture, chronicling its mythology and collective memory in rich rhythmic tales that have permeated the collective imagination. We strive for accuracy and fairness. If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us! Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives.
Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, together with Socrates and Plato, laid much of the groundwork for western philosophy. Socrates was an ancient Greek philosopher considered to be the main source of Western thought. He was condemned to death for his Socratic method of questioning.
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